Ninh Binh is a captivating destination located in northern Vietnam, known for its stunning natural scenery. With its steep limestone mountains, river systems filled with caves, and lush green valleys, it offers a landscape that seems straight out of a postcard. Sites like Trang An, listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site, highlight the region’s rich cultural and natural heritage. With historical structures, remnants of an ancient capital, and Buddhist temples, Ninh Binh is one of the rare places where nature and history intertwine.
Visitors in Ninh Binh have the opportunity to explore unique landscapes by taking boat rides through caves. Additionally, they can climb Mua Cave for a panoramic view of the area, go hiking in Cuc Phuong National Park, or experience Vietnamese culture up close in traditional villages. Known for its tranquility and peaceful atmosphere, this region is an ideal escape for those wanting to get away from bustling cities like Hanoi. Whether seeking adventure or a quiet nature retreat, Ninh Binh offers an unforgettable experience.
1. Trang An Scenic Landscape Complex – UNESCO World Heritage Site, cave and temple tours by boat.
The Trang An Scenic Landscape Complex is one of the most famous and impressive natural areas in Ninh Binh and was designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2014. This unique region offers a magnificent landscape filled with limestone mountains, winding rivers, and natural caves. Visitors can explore these natural wonders by taking guided boat tours in small sampans. During the tour, boats pass through river caves with ceilings adorned with stalactites and stalagmites, creating a mesmerizing atmosphere enhanced by the surrounding silence and beauty.
Trang An is notable not only for its natural beauty but also for its historical and cultural significance. The complex contains various temples and pagodas of different sizes, offering a mystical journey into Vietnam’s past. Visitors can stop at these sacred sites along the tour routes to pray, enjoy the view, and gain a deeper understanding of the spiritual world of the Vietnamese people. Trang An is a unique destination that offers both a visual and spiritual experience for nature and history lovers alike.
2. Tam Coc – Bich Dong – Scenic boat tour on the river and caves.
Tam Coc – Bich Dong is one of the most popular tourist attractions in Ninh Binh and is often referred to as the “Halong Bay on land.” Tam Coc is famous for its traditional boat tours along the Ngo Dong River, which winds between limestone mountains. As visitors glide silently past rice fields, steep cliffs, and caves, they are captivated by the charm of nature. During the boat ride, three natural caves—Hang Ca, Hang Hai, and Hang Ba—are passed through, all of which are impressive with their dark interiors and ceilings adorned with stalactites.
Located near Tam Coc, Bich Dong Pagoda is a historic temple built into the side of a mountain. Spread across three levels, the pagoda complex is notable for its architecture that blends harmoniously with the surrounding nature. Visitors can climb the stairs to explore the temple and enjoy a panoramic view of the valley. The lotus-filled pond at the entrance and the surrounding rocky landscape make this area feel like a place of meditation. Tam Coc – Bich Dong is a perfect stop for those seeking both a peaceful nature trip and a cultural exploration.
3. Hang Mua (Mua Cave) – Panoramic view of Tam Coc from the peak after 500 steps.
Hang Mua, or Mua Cave in English, is a famous viewpoint in Ninh Binh known for its panoramic landscapes. Named after the small cave at its peak, this hill is climbed via a steep staircase of approximately 500 steps. Along the way, visitors are accompanied by dragon statues and stone wall decorations. Upon reaching the summit, a breathtaking view unfolds with Tam Coc’s lush rice fields, winding rivers, and limestone mountains stretching beneath your feet. This stunning scenery is especially captivating at sunrise and sunset, making it a favorite spot for photographers and nature lovers.
Hang Mua offers not only spectacular views but also a memorable physical experience. At the base of the hill, visitors are greeted with small ponds, lotus-lined walking paths, and traditional farming fields that create a peaceful atmosphere. Sitting at one of the nearby cafés to enjoy the scenery is also a delightful way to relax. For travelers visiting Ninh Binh, Hang Mua is both a visual feast and a place of spiritual refreshment.
4. Bai Dinh Pagoda – The largest Buddhist temple complex in Asia.
Bai Dinh Pagoda, known as the largest Buddhist temple complex in Asia, is one of Ninh Binh’s spiritual and cultural landmarks. Spanning an area of approximately 700 hectares, this vast complex consists of both ancient and modern structures. With its spacious courtyards, hundreds of Buddhist statues, a massive bronze bell, and gold-plated Buddha figures, it offers visitors an impressive experience both spiritually and visually. Especially notable are the 10-meter-high bronze Buddha statue and the long corridors lined with thousands of Arhat statues, which highlight the grandeur of the site.
Bai Dinh Pagoda is not only a religious site but also regarded as a center of Vietnam’s Buddhist tradition. Every year, thousands of pilgrims and tourists come here to pray, meditate, and experience the temple’s spiritual atmosphere. From the higher points of the temple, visitors can enjoy stunning views of Trang An and its surroundings. At sunrise and sunset, when the temple is illuminated, the scene becomes truly enchanting. Bai Dinh is one of the must-see places in Vietnam, both for its architecture and its profound spiritual significance.
5. Hoa Lu Ancient Capital – Vietnam’s first capital, with historical temples and palace ruins.
Hoa Lu Ancient Capital holds significant historical value as the capital of Vietnam’s first unified kingdom in the 10th century. During the Dinh and Le dynasties, this ancient city served as a political and cultural center, and today it welcomes visitors with temples, palace ruins, and stone structures that preserve traces of the past. Surrounded by limestone mountains, the area was established in a strategic location due to its natural defensive advantages. Because of these features, Hoa Lu is considered the place where the foundations of Vietnam’s early statehood were laid.
Visitors can explore two important temples dedicated to Dinh Tien Hoang and Le Dai Hanh, which showcase the architectural features of the era. The stone carvings, wooden decorations, and traditional roof structures of the temples reflect the early artistic sensibilities of Vietnam. Walks around the area offer a unique atmosphere where natural landscapes and historical texture come together. Hoa Lu Ancient Capital is one of the most culturally and historically enriching stops on a trip to Ninh Binh.
6. Cuc Phuong National Park – Endemic flora, nature trails, and wildlife.
Cuc Phuong National Park is Vietnam’s first and largest national park, offering a unique area of exploration for nature lovers. Spanning the provinces of Ninh Binh, Hoa Binh, and Thanh Hoa, this vast forested area was designated as a protected zone in 1962. The park features tropical rainforests, endemic plant species, and ancient trees that form a rich ecosystem. Visitors can spend hours immersed in nature along hiking trails, exploring forest caves and ponds. One of the most notable natural landmarks is the “Chua Tree,” a giant tree estimated to be around 1,000 years old.
Cuc Phuong is also home to many rare animal species and is particularly known for birdwatching. The Endangered Primate Rescue Center within the park is a significant facility for the protection of threatened species such as langurs and lorises. Additionally, the turtle conservation station and botanical research centers enhance the park’s scientific and environmental importance. For those who wish to observe wildlife up close and enjoy a peaceful, quiet atmosphere, Cuc Phuong National Park is one of Ninh Binh’s most treasured natural gems.
7. Van Long Nature Reserve – A quiet and peaceful natural area, home to rare animals and ideal for birdwatching.
Van Long Nature Reserve, located in the northeast of Ninh Binh, is home to a rare ecosystem featuring an expansive inland wetland surrounded by limestone mountains. Also known as the “bay without waves,” the area offers a serene and peaceful atmosphere, making it a perfect nature escape. Visitors can explore the waters in bamboo boats, observing the karst formations reflected on the water’s surface—a natural canvas of sky and stone that creates a paradise for photography enthusiasts.
The area is also of great biological importance, hosting 722 plant species, 39 species of mammals, and over 100 bird species. The most notable among them is the critically endangered Delacour’s langur, which can be observed in the wild in this rare habitat. Van Long is also ideal for birdwatching, with frequent sightings of storks, herons, ducks, and various wetland birds. This nature reserve is a must-visit in Ninh Binh, offering both a peaceful journey and the chance to witness rare wildlife.
8. Thung Nham Bird Park – Wetland area home to thousands of bird species.
Thung Nham Bird Park stands out as a captivating wetland and ecotourism center located in the heart of Ninh Binh. Spanning approximately 300 hectares, this area is home to over 40,000–50,000 birds, representing around 45–50 different species. Visitors can see species such as white egrets, storks, cranes, and red-headed doves gracefully gliding around the water’s edge. Often referred to as a “bird paradise,” the sight of thousands of birds flying in waves across the sky offers a breathtaking natural spectacle, especially during early morning or late afternoon hours.
This stunning visual display unfolds in a natural setting: visitors ride bamboo boats through shallow waters, silently drifting past rice fields and limestone mountains. Due to the low water level, reflections of tree-like meteor shapes and green hills on the water create a peaceful and mesmerizing view. The park also features walking trails, forest paths through tropical vegetation, flower gardens, and caves—such as But Cave and Vai Gioi Cave—that appeal to those seeking exploration. The bird park is an unforgettable destination for both those seeking tranquility and enthusiasts of nature and birdwatching.
9. Phat Diem Cathedral – Catholic cathedral notable for its stone and wood architecture.
Phat Diem Cathedral is an impressive Catholic religious complex located in Vietnam’s Ninh Binh region, covering an area of 22 hectares. Construction began in 1875 and was completed in 1899. Built using stone and wood, the structure presents a unique fusion of Gothic Western architecture and traditional Vietnamese pagoda style. The main cathedral, 74 meters long and 21 meters wide, features four roofs that reflect this captivating design. Inside, the grandeur is enhanced by a massive monolithic stone altar and 11-meter-high ironwood columns.
Within the cathedral complex are five chapels, three artificial caves (grottos), a bell tower (Phuong Dinh), ponds, and other sacred structures. Standing about 25 meters tall, Phuong Dinh combines traditional stone carvings with Western-style furnishings, and its 2-ton bronze bell is said to be heard up to 10 kilometers away. The stone columns, wooden beams, and intricate carvings in the interior—especially the altar adorned with motifs symbolizing Vietnam’s four seasons—add richness to the space. This structure, where East and West harmoniously blend, is both architecturally and spiritually captivating, making it one of Ninh Binh’s most important cultural treasures.
10. Kenh Ga Hot Springs – A relaxation area famous for its thermal waters.
Kenh Ga Hot Springs is a traditional thermal relaxation area located about 15 km north of Ninh Binh. The waters originate from Hang Ca Mountain and have a temperature of approximately 53°C, enriched with minerals. Containing sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, and bicarbonate, these springs are often referred to by locals as “divine water” and are used in the treatment of joint, skin, and inflammatory conditions. In addition to open-air pools, the site offers spa tubs, hot and cold pools, and herbal medicinal bath options, providing a comprehensive experience for both individual and group use.
Access to Kenh Ga is typically via bamboo boats departing from Dong Chua Pier; the area also features a small floating village. Visitors can relax in the hot springs while also observing local life along the river. Bamboo houses, fishermen casting nets, and rice fields emerging through the morning mist add an authentic cultural touch to the experience. While the summer months are popular due to the warm weather, it’s also possible to enjoy the springs in winter, though boat traffic may increase during peak season. This is an ideal retreat for those seeking a peaceful and nature-integrated rest.
Kenh Ga is a unique stop for both those in search of natural healing resources and those interested in experiencing authentic Vietnamese village life.
11. Ninh Binh Night Market – A shopping spot for local flavors and handmade souvenirs.
Located in Hoa Lu Ancient Town, the Ninh Binh Night Market reveals the colorful and inviting side of local life as the sun sets. Open-air stalls are set up around 5:00 PM and remain lively until about 10:30 PM. Under the glow of lanterns, visitors can enjoy a rich variety of street food—such as “Nem Chua” (fermented pork sausage), “Banh Goi” (fried dumplings), “Bun Bo Hue” (spicy beef noodle soup), and “Thit Nuong” (grilled meat skewers). The vibrant stalls are also filled with fresh tropical fruits, local vegetables, and souvenir items adorned with traditional crafts—from embroidered scarves to bamboo baskets and wooden carvings.
The night market is not just a place for shopping but also a social stage where conversations echo, and local music and performances take place. Traditional Xăm songs, acoustic music, and street games add a special flavor to the night. In addition, small boat rides are offered on the river by some vendors; cruising under lantern lights provides a romantic and peaceful experience. The night market is a delightful place in the heart of Ninh Binh for those seeking a flavorful gastronomic journey and a cultural encounter.
12. Bear Sanctuary Ninh Binh – A shelter where rescued bears are rehabilitated.
Bear Sanctuary Ninh Binh, established by Four Paws at the end of 2017, is a rehabilitation center spanning 5.5 to 10 hectares of natural environments. It is home to approximately 46–60 rescued Asiatic black bears and sun bears, all of which were previously kept in captivity—either in private homes or on bile farms. Equipped with outdoor enclosures, pools, climbing platforms, and retreat areas, the center allows the bears to swim, climb, play, sunbathe, and rest freely.
Visitor programs include guided walks, a 300-meter skywalk, interactive information boards, and a cafeteria offering vegetarian menus flavored with local spices. Through these experiences, visitors can learn about each bear’s personal story, the suffering they endured, and their rehabilitation process—raising awareness about animal welfare. For example, in 2024, a bear named “Chinh,” who had spent over 20 years in a dark, confined cage, began a new life at this sanctuary. Visiting the center offers both an educational experience and direct support for this rescue mission.
13. Thien Ha Cave – An impressive cave complex accessed by speedboats.
Thien Ha Cave, also known as “Galaxy Cave,” is a captivating cave complex hidden deep within Tuong Mountain in the Son Ha district of Ninh Binh. Discovered in 2007 and opened to tourism in 2010, this natural treasure consists of two sections spanning a total of about 700 meters: a 200-meter dry section and a 500-meter wet section navigated by boat. The journey begins with a 1-kilometer bamboo raft ride along the Ben Dang River, followed by a 300–500-meter walk along a trail leading to the cave entrance. Inside, crystalline lights formed by stalactites and stalagmites create a galaxy-like atmosphere.
In the dry section, visitors can explore natural rock formations, skylights, and illuminated ceilings, while in the underwater section, small boats carry them deeper into the cave. This part offers a mystical experience, with ocean-like scenes, fish-shaped stalactites, and reflections of light. Archaeologists have also discovered pottery shards and animal bones inside the cave, indicating human habitation dating back 7,500–10,000 years. With its natural formations and archaeological significance, Thien Ha is a hidden gem in Ninh Binh that should not be missed.
14. Dong Chuong Lake – A peaceful lake ideal for nature-based boat excursions.
Dong Chuong Lake (Ho Dong Chuong) is a tranquil and untouched nature retreat located about 30 km from Ninh Binh city center, within the boundaries of Phu Loc and Phu Long villages. This freshwater lake spans approximately 45 hectares and is surrounded by pine trees, creating a landscape that evokes the feeling of a “mini Da Lat.” In the early morning, the mist covering the lake and the sunlight filtering through the pine needles offer visitors a scene straight out of a fairy tale.
Around the lake, visitors can enjoy boat rides, admire the reflection of pine trees on the water, or relax in stilt-house rest areas while tasting local delicacies. For those seeking adventure, hiking options are available to nearby sites such as Ba Tua Waterfall and Ao Troi (Heaven Pond)—a cool water pool located on a hill beside the lake, referred to locally as the “pond of heaven.” The area is also ideal for camping and nature walks; visitors can set up tents in wide natural meadows and access wooden platforms and bike trails. With these features, Dong Chuong Lake is a perfect stop for those who want to experience the peaceful and less-discovered natural side of Ninh Binh.
15. Yen Mac Village – A cultural experience with traditional clothing and handicrafts.
Yen Mac Village is a traditional village located in the Yen Mo district of Ninh Binh, offering a cultural experience rich in handicrafts and local delicacies. The village is especially famous for “Nem Chua Yen Mac,” fermented pork rolls. There is even a local legend associated with this delicacy: the recipe was brought to the village from the royal kitchen during the Nguyen Dynasty. Production is still carried out by local families using traditional methods, and visitors can observe the preparation process and taste the fresh product at local markets. This dish holds an important place in the region’s culinary identity.
The village offers more than just food—it also provides a deep insight into traditional rural life. In Yen Mac, visitors can observe villagers’ daily lives, rice farming practices, and age-old rituals. Those joining a three-day tour can work in the rice fields, pray at traditional pagodas, and stay in homestay houses to learn the local culture firsthand. Visitors can also observe local crafts such as weaving, pottery, and stone carving, gaining a close-up experience of both Vietnamese rural life and cultural heritage.
16. Thung Nang Valley – A nature-filled valley with lotus flowers and boat tours.
Thung Nang Valley, also known as the “Valley of the Sun,” is a captivating wetland area that stands out not only for its natural beauty but also for its pastoral atmosphere. Located in Ninh Binh’s Hoa Lu district, the valley becomes especially enchanting in May and June, when lotus flowers gently blanket the river’s surface in shades of pink and white. Surrounded by rice fields and limestone mountains, the peaceful waters create a scene of picturesque serenity. Visitors travel in traditional bamboo-like boats, enjoying the silence and the unique calmness of nature throughout the journey.
Thung Nang offers a special experience for both ecotourists and culture enthusiasts. Visitors can pass through small caves nestled between valleys and reach sacred temples at the end of the route, where a spiritual and religious atmosphere awaits. Short walking paths built without disturbing the natural setting also allow for gentle hikes. The area is sometimes combined with nearby birdwatching spots like Thung Nham to create a richer travel itinerary. With these qualities, Thung Nang Valley is a peaceful and visually stunning stop not to be missed on any Ninh Binh trip.
Tuyet Tinh Coc, also known as Am Tien Lake, is a hidden natural wonder located in Ninh Binh’s Hoa Lu district. Nestled within a valley and surrounded by towering limestone mountains, this secluded lake creates a fairytale-like atmosphere with its tranquil, mirror-like waters. Around the lake—known as Ao Giai—there are landscaped walking paths and wooden platforms that allow visitors to view the scenery from different angles and immerse themselves in the peacefulness of nature.
Tuyet Tinh Coc is also notable for its historical significance. Over 1,000 years ago, during the reign of Dinh Tien Hoang, the area was used as a prison and a site for raising wild animals. Within the untouched atmosphere of the valley lies Am Tien Cave and Pagoda, which once served as a spiritual retreat. The pagoda was historically a place of seclusion for members of the royal family. The stone-carved walls around the lake and the pagoda on the hill offer a silent spiritual experience, making visitors feel as though they have stepped into another world—especially during misty mornings or at sunset.
18. Dinh and Le Temples – Ancient temples in Hoa Lu dedicated to historic kings.
The Dinh and Le Temples are ancient religious structures located in the Hoa Lu district of Ninh Binh, built in honor of King Dinh Tien Hoang (Dinh Dynasty, 968–979 AD) and King Le Dai Hanh (Early Le Dynasty, 980–1005 AD), the founders of Vietnam’s first unified kingdom. Situated only 500 meters apart, both temples reflect the traditional architectural style known as “noi cong ngoai quoc.” This style mimics the Chinese character (工) in the interior layout and the national character (国) in the exterior landscaping. Decorated with stone pillars, wooden beams, and delicate carvings, the temples are valuable examples of both architecture and art.
These temples are not only architectural treasures but also symbols of the early political unification of Vietnam. King Dinh defeated 12 warlords to unify the country and established Hoa Lu as the capital, while King Le Dai Hanh continued to defend the kingdom against Chinese invasions, solidifying its independence. The temples house statues of the kings as well as altars dedicated to significant figures like Duong Van Nga. The complex offers visitors both historical depth and a spiritual atmosphere, and annual festivals with public ceremonies help keep this cultural heritage alive.
19. Dong Tam Temple – A sacred site known for its spiritual atmosphere in the region.
Dong Tam Temple (Dong Tam Shrine) is a mystical sacred site nestled within Ninh Binh’s natural landscape, offering visitors both a spiritual atmosphere and a peaceful nature experience. This small shrine, built among limestone cliffs, is frequently visited by both locals and travelers. With its carved stone pillars, wooden doors, and traditional roof, it reflects the style of medieval Vietnamese monasteries. The surrounding natural sounds—gentle winds, birdsong, and flowing water—create a soothing backdrop for mental and spiritual reflection.
Inside the temple, there is usually a small altar and incense, where locals come to pray, express gratitude, or make wishes. Visiting the area during sunrise or sunset can be especially moving, as one can feel the combined energy of nature and spirituality. Dong Tam is a serene retreat in Ninh Binh, where the richness of nature merges with cultural, artistic, and sacred elements.
20. Ninh Binh Mountain Biking Routes – Exploration by bike among the rocky landscapes.
Ninh Binh Mountain Biking Routes offer a unique opportunity for adventurers who wish to actively explore the region’s breathtaking natural landscapes. These routes stretch across limestone mountains, rice fields, riversides, and traditional village paths, providing a rich experience in terms of both scenery and adventure. Areas like Tam Coc, Trang An, and Van Long feature flat dirt roads that are suitable for cyclists of all levels. Along the natural trails, riders pass by lotus-covered ponds, bridges, and rural houses with stone walls.
Bike tours are usually conducted in the early morning or near sunset, when the weather is cooler and the lighting creates a softer atmosphere. Guided tours with local experts provide insights into the environment and offer chances to sample traditional snacks at rest stops. While pedaling through Ninh Binh’s quiet villages, cyclists are greeted by waving children, glimpses of farmers working in the rice fields, and the soothing sounds of nature—creating an unforgettable experience. These routes are an ideal alternative for those wishing to uncover Ninh Binh’s hidden beauty.